Hooker Chemical Company and the Landfill

In 1947, Hooker Chemical acquired the canal and its 70-foot banks, transforming the area into a 16-acre landfill where they buried hazardous chemicals in steel drums. Unfortunately, these barrels leaked over time.

As the population of Niagara Falls grew in the 1950s, the school district sought land for new schools and approached Hooker Chemical for a purchase. The population had exceeded 98,000 by the 1950 census. The company agreed to sell the land to the school district for just $1, with the stipulation that they would not be liable for any future lawsuits.

In 1955, a new school opened, welcoming 400 students, but shortly thereafter, a 25-foot area collapsed, exposing the toxic drums, which filled with rainwater and formed puddles where children played.

The construction of homes began in the vicinity, driven by the growing population and need for housing. Unfortunately, during these developments, sewer systems disrupted the cap that contained the toxic waste, leading to serious health risks. Despite warnings from Hooker’s attorney about the landfill, the community proceeded with building, driven by financial incentives.

Section 1.1: The Community Thrives

By the 1970s, Love Canal had evolved into a suburban community attractive to families and commuters. Its proximity to schools and churches, along with ease of access to shopping, contributed to its appeal. Census data indicated a higher-than-average income and a majority of households with young children.

Developers were poised to expand the area further, with 800 homes and 240 low-income apartments already constructed. However, before the environmental crisis came to light, the community was thriving, with 410 children enrolled in schools by 1978.

Subsection 1.1.1: Emerging Health Concerns

Residents soon began to notice alarming signs: black sludge appeared in basements, and an increase in birth defects and miscarriages became evident. Health disorders emerged among workers, and toxic substances were even discovered in the milk of nursing mothers. One family reported that two of their four children had severe birth defects.

Making Some Noise

In early 1978, journalist Michael Brown conducted a door-to-door survey to investigate potential health impacts and encouraged residents to form a protest group. This initiative was led by Karen Schroeder, a mother whose daughter faced numerous health challenges.

Despite their efforts to raise awareness, it took considerable effort to gain attention. Protests ensued, letters were sent, and at one point, two EPA officials were held for several hours at the Love Canal Homeowners Association office to emphasize the seriousness of their plight.

By August 7, 1978, the community's cries for help reached President Jimmy Carter, who declared a federal health emergency, marking a historic moment where emergency funds were allocated for a non-natural disaster. This led to the construction of trenches to divert waste and the sealing off of sump pumps in affected homes.

Blessed Relief

The residents of Love Canal exhibited tremendous resilience and determination in their quest for justice. Their story serves as a poignant reminder of the need for vigilance in environmental safety and community health.

Jo Ann Harris: A Voice for Change

Jo Ann Harris, an author and passionate advocate, has shared stories of love, hope, and perseverance. With a rich background in writing and a love for learning, she continues to inspire others through her work.